The more deeply analyzed the nature of human heredity, the more it is realized in the methods of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases. Modern clinical medicine cannot do without genetic methods. For the study of hereditary symptoms in humans using various biochemical, morphological, immunological, electrophysiological methods. Laboratory and genetic diagnostic methods due to the progress of genetic technologies can be performed on a small amount of material that can be transmitted by post (several released droplets of blood on a filter paper, or even on one cell, taken at an early stage of development.

The study of human genetics is associated with great difficulty, the reasons for the impossibility of experimental interbreeding, the slow change of generations, and the small number of descendants in each family. In addition, unlike classical objects studied in general genetics, a man has a complex karyotype, a large number of cluster groups. However, despite all these difficulties, human genetics is developing successfully. The impossibility of experimental crossing is offset by the fact that the researcher, observing the wide human population, can choose from thousands of marital couples that are necessary for genetic analysis. The method of hybridization of somatic cells allows an experiment to study the localization of genes in chromosomes, to conduct cluster analysis. Great importance of genetics to solve human problems. Without knowledge of genetics, it is impossible to understand the laws of evolutionary and individual development of the human body, its functioning, aging and death. We do not yet know many mechanisms of differentiation of cells and tissues of the human body, its growth and development. Not all these problems can be solved without genetic study of a person. Without knowledge of genetics cannot solve and practical problems (protection of hereditary human health, treatment in hereditary diseases, combating old age and death). Genetic studies of children are needed to build a rational system of education and education. Also important is the problem of genetic and physiological aspects of professional orientation of young people, especially for scientifically based selection and further specialization of children in sports schools. Not everyone specializing in a particular sport can easily and easily reach the heights of athletic skill.

There are many reasons for this, but among them, it is necessary to point out the disparity of the neurophysiological, morphological and individual characteristics of the child. It is important to choose a sporting direction for the child that takes into account its morphological features and features of the nervous system. A large number of drugs used by the population causes many complications. Special section of medical genetics - pharmacogenetics - studies the genetic basis of human response to the introduction of a medicinal product. Today, many scientists understand the great economic importance of genetics, because the state of human genetics development affects the economy of society. State expenditures for the maintenance of patients with hereditary diseases are very high. They are much bigger than the huge cost of fighting, for example, with the flu. The abandonment of many boarding schools, the treatment for many years of children suffering from hereditary diseases, falls on the shoulders of a modern society with a noticeable burden. Prevention of hereditary diseases should significantly reduce the economic unproductive costs of society.